YERBAMATE, a Guarani habit
(Ilex Paraguariensis)
The present article has been realized with the Dr. Hugo Golberg’s collaboration
, Vice-president of the Association Argentina of Phytomedicine.
achegol@hotmail.com
What is the Mate Herb?
The dull Herb is a tree that grows in the basins of the rivers Paraná, Uruguay and Paraguay, in a South American region that embraces the area of the opposite triple among Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. The natives of that area, the Guarani, used this vegetable from old for their nutritious and healing estates. Today, the dull Herb is not only used in very extended form in those countries, but in others as the Uruguay and Chile, and in lathe of her a strong cultural tradition has been forged. At the moment their use differs in the old way of consuming it of the Guarani who macerated its leaves per days and then they drank that preparation like a healing one for diverse illnesses (rheumatic, intestinal, etc.) and as an elixir comforting that offered them force and energy.
The diffused consumption form is the infusion, which is carried out in two predominant ways: in form of tea, for that which the dull Herb is strained or the commercial packaging is used in form of the typical sacks in that he/she gets ready the tea. In South America it is very extended the ritual of the "it kills barley" like a social way of consumption of the infusion: in this ritual onlooker a small vessel is needed (call kills) made of natural, wooden fruits or metal; the bulb, a metal tube or cane with perforations in its inferior part that, when submerging it in the mate with herb, he/she makes the times of sherbet and strainer at the same time. The mate you "it feeds" (it is served) with hot water, but the version cold call exists "terere."
This habit, very widespread in an entire vast region of South America, he/she has very strong cultural connotations. The dull herb wastes away more for that tradition (there is a popular expression that he/she says: “we take some mates”) that for their many nutritious and healing estates.
Their estates
The scientists study the estates of the dull Herb to reduce fatty, especially the call bad cholesterol. In this case, the active principles are in the leaves, for what is carried out a crop in pruning form that doesn’t harm to the tree. Their therapeutic and nutritious estates don’t only depend on an active principle, but of the whole complex.
Wide and rigorous scientific investigations point out that the dull Herb is a very good anti-oxidant, diuretic and natural laxative. He/she also has a powerful stimulating activity as tonic and until it is preventive of the dental cavity.
Another of the organic stocks of their active principles is very appropriate to combat one of the pathologies of more growth in the last decades: the overweight and the obesity.
They are studying their estates scientifically to burn calories and fatty, in a study on two groups of people in Argentina and Chile. The investigators are attracted by the relationship among high consumption of herb dull and low percentage of obesity, reason why they are studying the estates lipogenic and thermogenic of the mate.
Creams and gels are manufactured on the American extract base for treatments anticellulite. It is also marketed in form of capsules to lose weight, and he/she is attributed the property of diminishing the rate of cholesterol, especially the call “bad cholesterol” (LDL).
In cases of drowsiness, physical decline or smaller depressions the mateína, a present alkaloid in the herb, acts on the central nervous system, stimulating it.
The techniques
The dull Herb in their use medicinal debit side to be processed by means of diverse technical. The products are manufactured starting from the dry extract elaboration, the American extract and liquid dye of the vegetable.
Dry extract: he/she is carried out for cooking of the dye until only reaching 5% of humidity. It is used for tablets or capsules that are prescribed to get the effect thermogenic and the loss of fatty.
American extract: it is obtained by cooking from that dye to Steamed, until achieving the consistency of the evaporative honey. This cold extract is achieved this way that he/she has between 15% and 20% of humidity and it is used to elaborate the creams and gels.
Obtaining of the dye: to macerate the dry leaves in a hydro-alcoholic substance (alcohol to 70%) allowing it to rest during 15 days in a flask that not him of light neither sun. It is strained and it is pressed to extract the dye that is used to administer it as tonic and diuretic, in form of drops.
Active components
The mateína is a stimulant of the central nervous system, similar to the caffeine and the caffeine. The dull Herb has principles active called catechins that are also in the tea, the coffee and the cocoa (mateína, caffeine, caffeine and theobromine respectively, you substantiate all stimulants). The mateína is it he/she makes of the dull Herb a tonic, a stimulant that the mental and physical fatigue combats, and it favors the intellectual work. On the other hand, the saponins are substances that have activity like anti-rust, also present in the Herb.
He/she was also discovered that the plant possesses tannins that act as healing and astringent.
It also possesses Vitamin C; vitamins of the complex B and minerals: calcium, potassium and magnesium.
Yerba Mate is known to botanists as Ilex paraguariensis. This Latin name literally means "Paraguayan holly." That’s right, yerba mate is a type of holly. It naturally grows as a spindly tree in the intermediate layer of the forest. Imagine a tree as tall as a flowering dogwood, with large waxy leaves like a rhododendron’s. Farmers generally prune their yerba mate trees to keep them short and bushy, so they are easier to harvest.
The Bright Red Berry
Yerba Mate produces clusters of white flowers that mature into bright red berries. For years, botanists tried and failed to get the berries to sprout in other lands. One of the reasons that yerba mate never grew popular in Europe during the colonial era was that yerba mate was difficult to cultivate beyond its native range. Eventually, local Guarani people showed the botanists how the berries sprouted once they were eaten by toucans. It turned out that the toucans had acids in their digestive tracts that broke down the seeds’ hard outer coatings, making them ready to sprout.
The Matto Grosso
Yerba Mate is a major component of the endangered Matto Grosso, or Interior Atlantic Forest type. The Matto Grosso is home to the toucan, the jaguar, and the coati, among a thousand lesser-known but no less wonderful endemic creatures. Sustainable yerba mate cultivation represents the last best chance to preserve this unique biological treasure trove.
to learn more about how shade-grown yerba mate helps bird diversity.
learn more about how organic yerba mate cultivation can rehabilitate degraded lands.
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